| dc.description | Pendahuluan: Aedes sp. merupakan vektor dari beberapa penyakit serius yang menyerang
manusia salah satunya adalah demam dengue dan demam berdarah dengue. Tindakan
pencegahan dengan memberantas larva nyamuk Aedes sp. merupakan kunci strategi program
pengendalian vektor di seluruh dunia. Organophospate (OP) insektisida themepos adalah
produk larvasida yang umum digunakan untuk mengontrol larva nyamuk vektor dengue.
Belakangan ini terdapat laporan adanya resistensi nyamuk Aedes sp. terhadap temepos di
berbagai negara seperti Brazil, kuba, El Salvador, Argentina, Bolivia, Venezuela, Peru,
Kolumbia, dan juga Indonesia. Oleh karena itu perlukan alternatif lain berupa larvisida organik
yang berasal dari tanaman daun serai (Cymbopogon citratus)
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan rancangan true eksperiment dengan
desain post test control only group. Subjek penelitian adalah 600 larva Aedes sp. instar III yang
terbagi menjadi 25 ekor pada setiap kelompok uji (2,5%, 2%, 1,5%, 1%, 0,5%, 0,25%, 0,1%,
dan 0,05%), kelompok kontrol positif (Abate 1%) dan kontrol negatif (0%) yang diulang
sebanyak 3 replikasi. Perlakuan dilakukan selama 12 jam dan diamati jumlah larva yang mati
pada tiap jamnya. Data dianalisis dengan uji statistic Uji Kurskal Wallis dilanjutkan dengan uji
post-hoc 6 Uji Mann-Whitney. Juga dilakukan uji analisis probit untuk menentukan lethal time
(LT50 dan LT90) dan lethal concentration (LC50 dan LC90)
Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna (p < 0,05) antara seluruh konsentrai uji kecuali pada
konsentrasi 0,05% terhadap kontrol negatif hal ini dapat menjadi bukti bahwa daun serai
(Cymbopogon citratus) memiliki efek larvisida terhadap Aedes sp.. Hasil uji analisis probit
untuk LC50 dan LC90 adalah masing-masing 3.719% dan 6.246%. Diketahui LT50 pada
konsentrasi 2,5%, 2%, 1,5%, 1%, 0,5%, 0,25%, 0,1%, dan 0,05% secara berturut-turut adalah
0,3 jam, 2,3 jam, 4,9 jam, 7,7 jam, 8,8 jam, 13 jam, 20,1 jam dan 21,6 jam. Sedangkan LT90
pada konsentrasi 2,5%, 2%, 1,5%, 1%, 0,5%, 0,25%, 0,1%, dan 0,05% secara berturut-turut
adalah 7,5 jam, 9,6 jam, 12,1 jam, 15 jam, 16,1 jam, 20,3 jam, 27,4 jam dan 28,9 jam.
Kesimpulan; Ekstrak ethanol daun serai Cymbopogon citratus terbukti memiliki efek
larvasidal pada larva Aedes sp. instar III paling efektif pada konsentrasi 2,5% dan 2%. Nilai
LC50 dan LT50 pada akhir pengamatan secara berturut-turut adalah sebesar 3.719% dan 0.308
jam . Nilai LC50 dan LT90 pada konsentrasi tertinggi (2,5%) secara berturut-turut adalah
sebesar 6.246% dan 7.594 jam. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi ekstrak ethanol daun serai
Cymbopogon citratus maka akan semakin besar efektivitasnya dalam mebunuh larva Aedes sp.. | en_US |
| dc.description.abstract | Introduction: Aedes sp. is a vector of some serious diseases that attack humans. Some of them
are dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever. The prevention can be done by eradicate the
Aedes sp. larvae, which is, the key strategies for vector control programs around the world.
Organophospate (OP) insecticide themepos is a commonly used larvacidal product to control
dengue vector mosquito larvae. Lately there have been reports of Aedes sp. resistance against
temepos in countries such as Brazil, Cuba, El Salvador, Argentina, Bolivia, Venezuela, Peru,
Colombia, and Indonesia. Therefore, need another alternative in the form of organic larvicida
derived from lemongrass leaves (Cymbopogon citratus)
Method: This research is a true experiment with posttest control group design. The subjects
were 600 larvae of Aedes sp. instar III which were divided into 25 heads in each test group
(2.5%, 2%, 1.5%, 1%, 0.5%, 0.25%, 0.1%, and 0,05%), positive control group (Abate 1%) and
negative control (0%) repeated as many as 3 replications. The treatment was carried out for 12
hours and observed the number of dead larvae at each hour. Data were analyzed by statistical
test of Wallis Kurskal Test followed by post-hoc test 6 Mann-Whitney Test. We also tested
probit analysis to determine lethal time (LT50 and LT90) and lethal concentration (LC50 and
LC90)
Result: There was a significant difference (p <0.05) between all test concentrations except
between 0.05% against negative control it could be evidenced that the lemongrass leaves
(Cymbopogon citratus) has a larvicidal effect on Aedes sp.. The results of probit analysis for
LC50 and LC90 were 3,719% and 6,246%, respectively. It is known that LT50 at
concentrations of 2.5%, 2%, 1.5%, 1%, 0.5%, 0.25%, 0.1%, and 0.05% respectively are 0.3
hours, 2.3 hours, 4.9 hours, 7.7 hours, 8.8 hours, 13 hours, 20.1 hours and 21.6 hours. While
the LT90 at concentrations of 2.5%, 2%, 1.5%, 1%, 0.5%, 0.25%, 0.1%, and 0.05%
respectively were 7.5 hours, 9.6 hours, 12.1 hours, 15 hours, 16.1 hours, 20.3 hours, 27.4 hours
and 28.9 hours.
Conclusion: The ethanol extract of Lemongrass leaves Cymbopogon citratus was shown to
have a larvicidal effect on Aedes sp. instar III larvae most effectifically at concentrations of
2.5% and 2% . The values of LC50 and LT50 at the end of the observations are 3.719% and
0.308 hours respectively. The values of LC50 and LT90 at the highest concentration (2.5%) were
6,246% and 7,594 hours respectively. The higher concentration of ethanol extract of
lemongrass leaves Cymbopogon citratus the greater the effectiveness in killing Aedes sp.
larvae. | en_US |
