PENGARUH KUAT TEKANAN PEMBRIKETAN TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK PEMBAKARAN BIOBRIKET BERBAHAN BAKU AMPAS TEBU DENGAN METODE THERMOGRAVIMETRI ANALISIS (TGA)
Abstract
Indonesia is experiencing serious problems in the energy sector, this is because the rate of domestic energy demand exceeds the available energy supply growth. Crude oil and petroleum are imported, forcing the Indonesian nation to seek another energy sources to cope with increasing energy demand. Biomass is an alternative energy source that must be developed and optimized so that it can become a buffer of national energy supply. One example of biomass is bagasse which is a solid waste processing of sugar industry.
This study studied the strong influence of pressure at the time of briquetting on the against combustion properties made from raw bagasse. Sugarcane waste carried out carbonization process to obtain char. Variations in pressure briquetting given is equal to 200 kg/cm2, 250 kg/cm2, 300 kg/cm2 and 350 kg/cm2 by adding an adhesive in the form of starch by 10% of the total mass of the briquette 3 grams. The method used is by using Thermogravimetry Analysis (TGA) and proximation testing in accordance with ASTM D1762-84 standard in 2007.
The results showed that the higher the pressure briquetting will be given to increase the density is from 0.412 g/cm3 to 0.422 g/cm3 so that the water content increased from 5.01% to 6.64%, fixed carbon content increased from 55.23% to 56.90% and lower volatile matter from 18.52% to 17.16% and lower ash content from 21.24% to 19.48%. High levels of carbon will still increase the calorific value from 5719.5 cal/gram to 5964 cal/gram. The high pressure will increase the value ITVM briquetting of 162.74ºC to 184.42ºC, PT increased from 278.08ºC value to 310.18ºC and decrease the value of 255.96ºC to 246.91ºC ITFC, BT dropped from 152.62ºC value to 134.40ºC. High moisture content and low volatile matter causes high activation energy from 27.53 kJ/mol to 30.25 kJ/mol. From the overall charcoal briquettes that have been tested, obtained briquettes moisture content and calorific value that has met the ISO standard, but have not found the levels of volatile matter and ash which has met the ISO standard.