The purposes of this study was to understand the root – causes and the solutions of the conflict problem in three southern border provinces of Thailand and also about the reasons of Thai government did not take seriously to solve the problem. The study was a quantitative research and the location of this research was taken place at three southern border provinces of Thailand included Yala, Pattani, and Narathiwat. The data were collected using interview technique and documentation technique. The results of this study were as follow: the root-causes of conflict problem that included 3 factors were: (1) the factor of individuals group that consists group of violent or discrimination groups, interest group and government (2) the factor of structures were deficiencies and weaknesses in structure management that consists of the policies form, laws, and politico - economic system (3) the factor of cultures were consists of attitude, don’t understanding in language and religions on each other. The conflict problem is solve via peaceful concept, that not use violence, but using intellectual, analysis, and confrontation for sustainable and permanent solution and give opportunity to both parties combination to solve the problem together.