PENINGKATAN MUTU BIODIESEL DARI MINYAK JARAK KEPYAR (Ricinus communis) MELALUI PENCAMPURAN DARI MINYAK NYAMPUNG (Calophyllum inophyllum)
Abstract
In Indonesia a lot of bio-energy developed as an alternative energy source substitute for fossil fuels, one of them is biodiesel. The jarak kepyar oil is including nabati oil that prospective to be developed as bio-diesel material because it is a non-food ingredient. However, jarak kepyar oil has several weaknesses, among others, low heat value, density, and viscosity is still high. To improve the quality of biodiesel, there are several things that need to be done is by mixing biodiesel, which has better fiscal-chemical properties one of them with nyamplung oil biodiesel. Therefore, this study aims to determine the characteristics of density, viscosity, flash point and calorific value of biodiesel mixtures of castor oil (Ricinus communis) and nyamplung oil biodiesel (Calophyllum inophyllum) straw compared with biodiesel standard of SNI 7182-2015.
This study consists of degumming, esterification and transesterification. The degumming method using phosphoric acid (H3PO4) with a ratio of 0.2% of the volume of oil, esterification method using 22.5% methanol of oil volume and the catalyst used Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) with a ratio of 0.5% of the volume of oil, transesterification using 15% methanol from volume of oil using a catalyst of Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) at a ratio of 1% of the volume of oil. The mixing of biodiesel was done at 80oC for 30 minutes using biodiesel ratio of kepyar distance with nyamplung biodiesel that is 0:100, 20:80, 30:70, 40:70, 50:50, 60:40, 70:30, 80:20, 90:10, 100:0 (%).
Based on the comparative research results obtained on the mixture biodiesel distance keeper with nyamplung biodiesel on the composition of BJ 90 BN 10 (%) dan BJ 80 BN 20 (%) can improve the quality of biodiesel produced density 885.740 kg/m3 and 889.127 kg/m3, flash point 176.1oC and 184.9oC, calorific value 8864.050 Cal/g and 8935.460 Cal/g, but the resulting viscosity value does not meet the SNI 7182-2015 biodiesel standard of 21.9 cSt and 19.5 cSt.