ANALISIS PENGARUH FREKUENSI DAUR ULANG TERHADAP SIFAT MEKANIS DAN SIFAT ALIR BAHAN ACRYLONITRILE BUTADIENE STYRENE (ABS)
Abstract
Plastics is one of the most populer material in society, it is applied in the field of automotive, health-care, house ware, and research purpose. The benefit of this material are lighweight, strong, rust-free, easy to shape, and the cost is relative low. Diversity of plastic materials have a significant effect on the use and manufacturing process. In addition the number of products from plastic material resulting in a negative impact on the enviroment so that the need for reduction of waste plastic. This study aims to investigate the influence of recycle number to the mechanical properties and flow properties by using materials Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS).
This research is done by making the multipurpose specimen according to ISO standard 294-1: 2012 from ABS recycled material 1 time, 3 times, and 6 times using the injection molding machine. The process of injection molding in general there are four stages: melting the material in the barrel is injected into mold through the nozzle, then cooled with water as hardener, and ended the release of the specimen (ejector). Testing of specimens is permormed between the other: standard tensile test (ISO 527-2), standard impact test (ISO 179-1), ISO standard test (7619), and standard MFI test (ISO 1133).
The results of this study obtained the value of tensile strength on ABS recycled 1 times by 48.836 MPa, recycled 3 times by 46.773 MPa, and recycled 6 times by 46.449 MPa. The impact value on ABS recycled 1 times 50.75 kJ/m2, recycled 3 times by 50.20 kJ/m2, and 6 times by 66.49 kJ/m2. Hardness value on ABS recycled 1 time 73,44 Shore D, recycled 3 times equal to 72,65 Shore D, and 6 times equal to 73,86 Shore D. And melt flow index value (MFI) at ABS recycle 1 times 22 , 16 gr/10 min, 3 times recycling equal to 28,69 gr/10 min, and 6 times equal to 27,72 gr/10 min. It can be concluded that the more ABS material recycled can be damage the quality of the resulting product. So in this study recommends the use of ABS material recycle maximum 1 times, evidenced decrease of tensile strength equal to 9,56% for the rest need a mixture of pure material and recycle.