This research entitled The Role of Islamic Guidance And Counseling In Overcoming Drug Abuse Problem of Adolescent At Rehabilitation Service of Pondok Pesantren (Islamic Boarding School) Nurul Haromain Yogyakarta. The aim of the study is to identify roles of guidance and counseling service in overcoming drug abuse problems of adolescent, provide clear information about guidance and counseling, and explain protective (supportive) and risk (barrier) factors of drug abuse counseling and guidance. The research uses qualitative methods to gain natural truth of data from an intensive interaction between research setting and subjects. Data collecting techniques of this research are the interview, conversation, observation, and documentation. The results of this study show that: (1). Roles of guidance and counseling are counseling and guidance service, individual counseling service, group guidance service, and coaching and mentoring service (2). Subjective effects of the Islamic guidance and counseling processes felt by former drug users are increasing the skill of communication and emotion management. They also feel the processes give them peaceful and happiness, and bring them back to the fitrah (root character or tendency of human being) so they can relate to the social world again. (3). There are protective (supportive) and risk (barrier) factors in the implementation of counseling to overcome drug abuse problems. Supporting factors are the willingness of former user santris to stop the abuse, cooperation with other institution, and cooperation with santri’s family. Barrier factors are lack of boarding facility and lack of former user readiness (internal motivation) to stop the abuse.