The objective of this research is for explaning why the phenomenon of Islamophobia could experience an increase in France year 2015-2016, during the era of President Francois Hollande, known as a leader who has a high commitment to upholding the values of human rights, democracy and freedom in France. This tends to raise questions, because the French State is known as a Republican, secular, social and democratic, where the State always upholds the principles of liberté, égalité, and fratérnité which guarantee freedom, equality, and fraternity in the law for all citizens regardless of origin, ethnicity, race and creed. In addition, France also applies secularism (laïcité) which affirms the commitment to provide equal freedom for all beliefs, but on the other hand actions that indicate islamophobia including both physical and verbal actually increase. This study uses the theory of perception approach and the concept of Islamophobia to answer why there is an increase the phenomenon of Islamophobia in France during the era of President Francois Hollande in 2015-2016.