There is a tendency in the society to presume that all cases involving the doctors are medical malpractice cases. The allegations of medical malpractice cases arouse some impacts because of the debatable definition and punishment of that offence. In such situation, legal protection for doctors is necessary in order to ensure that, they need justice and legal certainty. These cases raise two research problems, firstly, what is the importance of legal protection for the doctors. Secondly, how the MPA 2004 (Undang-Undang No. 29 Tahun 2004 tentang Praktik Kedokteran) provides legal protection for the doctors. These questions were answered through normative legal research and analysed by discriptive qualitative research and the data were collected from secondary data. The result of research is that legal protection for doctor is important because it will increase public trust to doctors and provide legal certainty. The MPA 2004 provides legal protection explicitly in Section 50 (a) and implicitly in Sections 39, 45, and 46. Those Sections can protect and guide the society and also the law enforcement officers to understand clearly on that matter. Based on the result of research, the researcher will provide some recommendations: completing the MPA 2004 by adding some sections on the definition of medical malpractice and legal protection more detail; optimizing related institution such as The Indonesian Medical Association (IDI), Medical Disciplinary Tribunal (MKDKI), Indonesia Medical Council (KKI) etc.