Background : Myopia is a refractive error which is caused by longer axial length or excessive corneal curvature. Elementary school children are the primary age group in development of myopia. In many studies stated that the most number of myopia found in big cities than in rural area. The cause of this is due to close reading or near-work activities. The development of technology such as Television, Computer, and Video game gradually increased the usage of near vision in children. The aim of this study was to determine the difference and comparison of myopia progression among elementary school children from the urban and rural area. Methods : Elementary school children aged 8-12 years were recruited for this cohort prospective study. Subject of this study were students from urban and rural elementary school join refraction status test. Data were analyzed using Paired Sample T Test and Mann Whitney test. Result : Subject of this study were 70 students, 31 students from urban elementary school and 39 students from rural elementary school. This study found that in urban elementary school has higher myopia progression (S -0,250 Dioptri) compare than the rural elementary school (S -0,198 Dioptri). In this study both urban and rural elementary school are not found progression myopia because both of the myopia average progress doesn’t achieve S -0,5 Dioptri or more in 6 months duration. The statistic show that there was insignificant difference between myopia progression in urban and rural elementary school (p>0.05). Conclusion : There was insignificant difference in increasing of myopia progression between students in urban and rural elementary school. The difference may relate with the difference characteristic of the two places such technologies development and so many another factors that may involve with the nearwork activities between children in urban and rural areas.