PENGARUH MODIFIKASI PERMUKAAN SERAT KARBON TERHADAP SIFAT BENDING DAN DAYA SERAP AIR KOMPOSIT HIBRIDA SISAL-KARBON/POLIVINIL KLORIDA (PVC)
Abstract
The development of technology increas relied on makes industries continue to compete in order to create the latest innovations that have never existed before. The innovation that is rife in the current development is innovation in quality improvement, competitiveness, and environmental friendliness. One of them is the development of material technology, where environmentally friendly materials such as today are the main reason for materials that are difficult to decompose quickly. Lately the development and utilization of natural fiber hybrid materials has been widely applied. The purpose of this study is to produce polyvinyl chloride (PVC) composite reinforce materials with hybrid sisal and carbon fiber filler as an alternative material for more modern sports equipment and are more environmentally friendly, as well as to know the bending characteristics of hybrid composite materials with variations in carbon fiber treatment using liquid nitrogen.
Fabrication of hybrid composites was carried out using a random fiber method using an engineered hot press machine at 170oC with 1700 Psi pressure for 15 minutes. Sisal fiber filler with 6% NaOH treatment for 4 hours and carbon fiber treatment of liquid nitrogen with a length of 5 mm was arranged manually using the hand lay-up method. The composition of hybrid composites with a matrix to filler ratio of 80/20% by weight and hybrid sisal to carbon ratio of 1: 1 carbon with variations of carbon fiber immersion treatment time in liquid nitrogen for 5 minutes, 10 minutes, and 20 minutes. Bending test was done in according to the ASTM D790 standard and water absorption test was done in according to the ASTM D570 standard carried out on all hybrid composite specimens. Then the characterization of carbon fiber due to liquid nitrogen treatment for 5 minutes, 10 minutes and 20 minutes and the characterization of the fracture structure of the bending test using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and optical microscope.
The results showed that the sisal/carbon/PVC hybrid composite with the highest bending stress and modulus of elasticity in the composite with carbon fiber treatment of soaking liquid nitrogen for 10 minutes is 100,66 MPa and 1,85 GPa. Thus the carbon fiber treatment with liquid nitrogen for 10 minutes is more optimal compared to the treatment time of 5 minutes and 20 minutes. These results were explained again from the results of the characterization of carbon fiber nitrogen treatment and fracture structure of bending test with SEM and macro photos showing better fiber structure and fiber bond with matrix