PENGARUH VARIASI SUDUT ORIENTASI KONDENSOR (0⁰, 15⁰, DAN 30⁰) DENGAN KONFIGURASI ALIRAN COUNTER FLOW DAN DEBIT AIR 18 LPM TERHADAP HASIL PIROLISIS PLASTIK LDPE
Abstract
The condenser is a device used to condense smoke into oil in a pyrolysis process. The angle of the condenser affects the oil produced in the pyrolysis process. The more upright the condenser angle the faster the smoke flow rate the more flat the condenser angle the slower the smoke flow rate. A good cooling system should pay attention to the speed of its fluid flow, both the cooled fluid and the cooling fluid. The greater the cooling water discharge used, the faster the cooling flow rate of the smoke, the smaller the cooling water flow the slower the cooling flow rate will be. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the best angle of the condenser for maximum pyrolysis oil yield.
This pyrolysis experiment uses 3 kg of LDPE plastic waste material. Each experiment uses 1 kg of LDPE plastic trash that has been cut with size 4x4 cm. The temperature used in the test is 300⁰C - 350⁰C. Cooling flow at condenser used is flow counter and flow rate of cooling water used 18 LPM, with variation of condenser angle used is 0⁰, 15⁰, and 30⁰. The time required for testing 1 kg of LDPE plastic waste takes 100 minutes.
The results showed that the highest oil production was obtained in an experiment with an angle of 15° because the condenser slope was fitted not too straight and not too flat so the smoke flow was not too fast and not too slow. At an angle of 30° it produces the least amount of oil because the condenser slope at an angle of 30° is too erect so that the completely uncondensed smoke is wasted through the chimney. In an angle experiment 0° the condenser slope is too flat so that the smoke flowing into the condenser is slow and the smoke will condense in the copper pipes which can block the cooling water as it cools the pipe. The experiment with an angle of 15° yielded 690 ml and the highest heat transfer of 1.802,46 Watt. While an experiment with an angle of 0° yields 580 ml of oil and a highest heat transfer rate of 1.552,94 Watt, and an experiment with an angle of 30° yields 540 ml of oil and a high heat transfer rate of 1.167,06 Watt.