PENGARUH WAKTU DAN TEMPERATUR REAKSI TERHADAP SIFAT FISIK CAMPURAN BIODIESEL MINYAK NYAMPLUNG DAN BIODIESEL MINYAK JELANTAH
Abstract
The need for petroleum is increasingly high in order to supply human needs. Biodiesel is one of alternative to reduce the use of petroleum. Nyamplung oil and waste cooking oil are a vegetable oil which is non-edible oil so it does not compete with food needs. Biodiesel has the disadvantage of high viscosity. To improve the viscosity, one of them is by mixing one biodiesel with the other biodiesel. This research aims to obtain the analysis from the effect of reaction time and temperature on physical properties of a mixture of calophyllum inophyllum biodiesel and waste cooking oil biodiesel.
This research begins with making biodiesel with degumming, esterification and transesterification processes. the degumming method uses phosphoric acid (H3PO4) as much as 0.2% of oil volume, the esterification method uses methanol 22.5% of the volume of oil and the catalyst used is sulfuric acid (H2SO4) as much as 0.5% of oil volume, the method of transesterification using methanol 15% of the volume of oil and catalyst used is potassium hydroxide (KOH) as much as 1% of the oil volume. After making the biodiesel, the two types of biodiesel were mixed with the composition of 60% nyamplung oil biodiesel and 40% waste cooking oil biodiesel with a time variation of 30, 60, and 90 minutes with each varied with temperatures of 60 ° C, 90 ° C and 120 ° C.
Based on the results of the data from this research, it was concluded that the effect of variations in time and temperature of mixture of nyamlung oil biodiesel and waste cooking oil biodiesel on the characteristics of biodiesel had an effect on changes in the value of physical properties but not too significant. The most optimal effect of the reaction time and temperature of the biodiesel mixture is obtained at a temperature and time of 60 °C 60M, because the composition of the viscosity value is the closest to the SNI 7182-2015 standard, density and flash point values are in accordance with SNI 7182-2015 and has the highest calorific value.