This study aims to analyze the factors that influence poverty on Madura Island, the period 2010-2017. The variables used are the Human Development Index, GRDP, the level of open unemployment, and poverty. The object of this study are four districts on Madura Island whose data was obtained from various agencies such as BPS and from various sources related to this research. The analytical tool used is using panel data with a fixed effect model approach. Based on the analysis that has been done, the results show that the variable Human Development Index and GRDP have a negative and significant effect on poverty on Madura Island. While the level of open unemployment has a positive and not significant effect on poverty on Madura Island.