PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN SILICA FUME TERHADAP SIFAT TARIK dan DAYA SERAP AIR KOMPOSIT HIBRID KENAF/SILICA FUME/ EPOKSI
Abstract
Kenaf natural fiber (Hibiscus cannabinus) As a reinforcing material (filler) has been developed as materials for applications in the automotive sector, particularly in the manufacture of automobile interior panel. Excellence kenaf fiber is cheap, and has a mechanical strength which is relatively higher than other natural fibers such as hemp, coconut husks, and sisal. But nature has a fiber Compositemechanical strength tends to be lower still than the synthetic fiber Composite, necessitating the addition of other fillers in order to increase its mechanical strength. One of them with the addition of mikrosilika or particles known as silica fume, and the purpose of this study is to determine the mechanical properties of tensile test, determine water absorption and to know microstructure and dispersion fiber,
Kenaf fiber is used without chemically treated fibers with a fiber length of 6 mm, and the particle size of silica fume 37 lm. with the addition of silica fume variation of 1%, 2%, 3% and 5%. Composite fabrication method of the random fiber layer using the cold press molding machine with a pressure of 4 MPa measured at room temperature for 24 hours. The mechanical tests carried out are the tensile test based on ASTM standards and test D638-01 water absorption refers to standard ASTM D570-98 with a soaking time of 48 hours. Fault composite tensile test results were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to determine the microstructure and macro photographs using an optical microscope to determine the distribution of fibers in the composite.
The results showed that the addition of silica fume particle size of 37 μm increase the tensile strength of composite kenaf / epoxy. Kenaf composite / epoxy with the addition of 2% silica fume shows the optimum tensile strength while the lowest water absorption is shown on the addition of 1% silica fume. Tensile strength value kenaf / epoxy with silica fume 2% at 64.1 MPa and elastic modulus of 6.6 GPa, and the percentage of water absorption on swelling thickness of 5.72 to 7.23% and a weight gain of 4.97 to 8 , 28% within 0-48 hours.