PENGARUH KOMPOSISI CAMPURAN MINYAK KELAPA SAWIT (PALM OIL) DAN MINYAK NYAMPLUNG (CALOPHYLLUM INOPHYLLUM) TERHADAP SIFAT FISIK BIODIESEL
Abstract
The increasing need for fossil fuels consumption reduced reserves of fossil fuels on earth. To reduce the problem, biodiesel can be an alternative fuel. Biodiesel is an alternative fuel derived from vegetable oil and animal fat. Biodiesel from vegetable oil has the advantages of being environmentally friendly, biodegradable and renewable. But biodiesel from vegetable oils has a disadvantages of high viscosity and low calorific value. Palm tree and calophyllum tree are mostly found in Indonesia and potential made into biodiesel. To improve the characteristics of biodiesel from vegetable oils, one way that can be done is by mixing vegetable oil with other vegetable oils. This reaseacrh aims to get the characteristic of a mixed biodiesel from palm oil and calophyllum oil against the physical properties of biodiesel.
Biodiesel can be done by making variation of the mixture from palm oil and calophyllum oil. This research was conducted with three methods which are degumming, esterification and transesterification. Degumming method was conducted by adding phospat acid 0,2% from oil volume, esterification was conducted by adding (H2SO4 0,5% from oil volume and methanol 22,5% from oil volume) and transesterification done with adding (KOH 1% from oil volume and methanol 15% from oil volume).
Based on the research it can be concluded that along with increase in the composition of calophyllum oil in the mixture composition, the value density, viscosity and flash point increases. But along with the increase calophyllum oil in the composition of the mixture resulted in a decrease in calorific value. Biodiesel that complies with SNI 7182-2015 standard is in the composition of 100% palm oil and 90% palm oil : 10% calophyllum oil.