This thesis was written to explain how the Japanese government's role in disaster management in Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam in 2004. Starting from the situation of Japan after World War II as a recipient of foreign aid until now become a donor in natural disasters, as well as disasters that have been passed this country. All the disasters that Japan has gone through make this country experienced in the issue of natural disasters that occur, they overcome them through internal and external efforts. Realizing the power that they have, the Japanese mobilized all their capabilities in the response to the earthquake and tsunami disaster that occurred in Aceh, Indonesia. Japan saw this opportunity to carry out a political disaster in the distribution of foreign aid, one of which was in the economic field which become benefit for Japan itself. Applying the Hyogo Framework for Action to deal with disasters in Aceh, using disaster diplomacy for their interests and disaster management in the distribution of disaster relief in Aceh.