PENGARUH EKSTRAK TEPUNG TEMPE KEDELAI TERHADAP JUMLAH SEL MAKROFAG PADA ULKUS TRAUMATIK
Abstract
Background: Estrogen deficiency that occurs in women usually causes a variety of disturbing symptoms. Estrogen defisiency can also increase the risk of complaints in the oral cavity, one of them is traumatic ulcer. Traumatic ulcer is a lesions of the oral mucosa caused by various forms of trauma. Examples are trauma due to dentures, being bitten, traumatized by the use of toothbrushes that are too hard, sharp teeth and trauma due to dental procedures. The location of the occurrence of traumatic ulcers is usually in the lateral border area of the tongue, gingiva, mucosa of the lips and cheek mucosa. The occurrence of traumatic ulcers causes the presence of macrophage cell inflammation. Macrophage cells will immigrate to the inflamed area and phagocytes bacteria, viruses, necrotic tissue and harmful foreign particles. Phytoestrogens are a group of plants that have a structure and function similar to the hormone estrogen so that they can bind to estrogen receptors. Tempe made from soybeans is one source of phytoestrogens containing isoflavonoids which are included in the active substance phytoestrogens which are expected to increase estrogen in estrogen deficiency conditions so that it can reduce complaints in the oral cavity. Method: This study used a laboratory experimental design in vivo using Spargue Dawley female rats as test animals with a sample of 20 individuals in 5 treatment groups; traumatic ulcer and kenalog, ovariectomy, traumatic ulcer and kenalog, ovariectomy, traumatic ulcers and flour extract soybean tempe, ovariectomy and traumatic ulcer, only traumatic ulcer. The ELISA test was carried out to determine the concentration of estrogen in rat blood and observation of the number of macrophage cells in the ulcer performed on days 1, 3, 5 and 7 with a microscope of 100x magnification with Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining on histological preparations. Results: The five groups on the 7th day tested Saphiro-Wilk normality obtained groups 1, 2 and 3 with normal data distribution and group 4 and abnormal data distribution. Kruskal-Wallis test groups 3, 4 and 5 were obtained (p> 0.05) which means that the average number of macrophage cells did not have a significant difference on the 7th day. The Mann Whitney test was carried out in groups 3 and 4 of the 7th day which obtained 0.343 or (p> 0.05) which meant that there were no significant differences. Mann Whitney test in group 3 and 7 days 7 was obtained 0.317 or (p> 0.05) there was no significant difference. The Independent Sample T-test was carried out in groups 2 and 3 where 1,000 results were obtained or (p> 0.05), meaning that there were no significant differences in the average number of macrophage cells. The 7th day after the induction of traumatic ulcers was found to increase the pattern of the number of macrophage cells in all groups. Conclusion: There are no effect of soybean flour extract on the number of macrophage cells in traumatic ulcers of female Sprague Dawley rats that have estrogen deficiency