INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE AND ITS EFFECT TO PERFORMANCE OF WATER USAGE ASSOCITION IN IRRIGATION WATER MANAGEMENTS (A Case Study in a Water Usage Association (WUA) in Kedong Ombo Dam, Central Java)
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Date
2016-05-14Author
RONDHI, MOHAMMAD
MORI, YASUHIRO
KONDO, TAKUMI
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Water irrigation plays an important role in increasing land productivity. Kedung Ombo
Irrigation system is one of governmental establishment dam that fullfill agriculture
irrigation water need in four related region; Grobogan, Kudus, Pati and Demak
district. In structure, there are four types of canal to flow water from Kedung Ombo
dam to farmer plot; primary, secondary, tertiary, and quartery canals. The first two
are managed by government, while the another two are manged by water usage
association-WUA or Perkumpulan Petani Pemakai Air-P3A. Our research concern
is the last two; tertiary and quarterly canal management. Since 2005, farmer has
been introduced indegeneusly lelang system as an alternative to manage irrigation
water in farm level as replacement of swakelola system. The lelang system provide
more right to farmer; not only water right but also improving agriculture
infrastructutre. One of P3A is a P3A that located in Kalirejo, Undaan Sub-district,
Kudus District that started to adopt the system since 2007. However, since in the
lelang system head of P3A is decided by highest bidder that potentially not the
farmer, their achievement to manage water and other agriculture activities were not
satisfied enough. Unless in 2015 farmer tried to return the system back to swakelola
system with some modification that we call as lelang-swakelola system. This
research aim to (1) describe institutional change of irrigation management system in
a P3A, (2) compare performance of two irrigation water management systems;
lelang system and lelang-swakelola system. The data was collected from P3A
seasonal record and depth interview to key infromants. The results show that lelangswakelola
system give more right to farmer: (1) providing agriculture infrastructure,
(2) maintaining tertiary and quarterly canal, and (3) conducting pest control. The first
two duty was the same with the lelang system, while the the last is additional duty
as conducted by swakelola system before 2007. The performnace of lelangswakelola
system is known better than lelang system. This research is preliminary
research that need to be expanded in more coverage the get more comprehensive
finding.