PERANCANGAN DAN PEMBUATAN TANGGA PENGHASIL LISTRIK BERBASIS PIEZOELEKTRIK
Abstract
Demand of electricity is significantly growing. Therefore, the consumption
of fossil fuels has been increasing to evoke the electrical energy. This will lead to
the fossil fuels scarcity. The solution of this problem is solved by using renewable
energy source. Currently, It is not used optimally and needs more innovation. To
optimize the renewable energy, it can be done by changing potential energy into
electrical energy. One of the technology is using piezoelectric elements which
commonly applied to stairway. Piezoelectric elements can produce electrical
energy when there is a footstep pressure on the stairway. Before making prototype,
we need to know the characteristics and design prototypes by conducting two tests,
such as material selection on the piezoelectric layer and the series/paralel circuit
design. In addition, a piezoelectric element is made by ceramic material. This
material is fragile when exposed to the pressure. Thus, it needs a polyfoam with the
thickness of 0,5 cm and eva sponge 0,3 cm placed on the top of the element. The
prototype is a stairway that produced the electricity. The stair has 4 panels, each
panel has 40 piezoelectric elements with the size of 70 cm x 25 cm x 5 cm for each
panel. The elements are arranged in parallel. Each element is equipeed with a soft
bearing below the piezoelectric. Furthermore, a polyfoam and an eva sponge are
palced on top of the element. The power generated will be higher if the weight of a
person who climbed the ladder is greater and the distance between the stairs is
higher. The prototype ladder can generate power of 9,4 mW if stepped on by
someone with the weight of 44,1 kg.