PERANCANGAN MODEL AUTOMATED GUIDE VEHICLE (AGV) LINE FOLLOWER UNTUK MATERIAL HANDLING
Abstract
Material handling equipment that was previously manually operated may
be able to be operated automatically without an operator by implementing an
automation system in the material handling process. The type of material handling
equipment that implements the automation system is Automated Guided Vehicle
(AGV). AGV is a line follower robot car microcontroller-based freight carrier that
can run automatically based on a specified path. It is expected that the application
of AGV robots can improve the efficiency of production time, work safety and
reduce production costs in a company.
The AGV model otype line follower was designed using autodesk inventor
professional 2015. The programming process to include work orders using the
arduino IDE software. The drawing Schematic made using Fritzing software. The
AGV robot is designed as a driver to pull the trolley containing the transport
material. the Calculations performed include elements of the power transfer engine
on a DC motor. The AGV robot is designed using acrillic with a thickness of 2 mm
as a body, two rear tires driven by one DC motor, four ball caster as front wheels,
12 line sensors using super bright LED and 3 mm photodiode, motor driver using
the H-Bridge system to control 2 DC motors, a 12 volt lippo 4S battery, a board
based on the 2560 arduino mega microcontroller as the brain in this robot system,
HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor for savety break system, and 16 x 2 LCD as monitor the
character on the robot.
The AGV line follower model has a weight of 1.8 kg with dimensions of 207
mm length, 190.8 mm width, and 75 mm height. The ability of a model AGV line
follower obtained effective DC motor power of 0.0245 HP, travel time ultrasonic
wave on sensors SR04-HC was 0.58 seconds and turning radius obtained R =
0.5694 m. Model AGV line follower was able to pull the load a maximum of 4 kg
with a maximum speed of 18 km/h.