UJI EFEKTIFITAS BIOPESTISIDA Bacillus thuringiensis DAN Lantana camara KOMBINASI FORMULA CAIR HASIL FERMENTASI DENGAN EKSTRAKSI PADATAN TERHADAP ULAT API KELAPA SAWIT
Abstract
Palm oil exports in 2016 decreased by 13.95 percent. One of the reasons
is because of the disturbance of leaf-eating caterpillars of Palm Oil or Caterpillar
Flame (Setora nitens). It is known that the fermentation and extraction of Bacillus
thuringiensis and Lantana camara can reduce the caterpillar pest population. The
aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of biopesticide B. thuringiensis
and L. camara in a liquid fermentation formula plus the results of solid extraction
to control palm oil caterpillar. Experimental research arrangged in Completely
Randomized Design (CRD), with single factors experimental design that are
biopesticide formula fermented by B. thuringiensis and L. camara on POME
medium and coconut water with the addition of extraction results consisting in 5
treatments: (A) 5% extraction results, (B) 10% extraction results, (C) 15%
extraction results, (D) 20% extraction results, (E) 25% extraction results. The
researcher observed physical changes during fermentation (temperature, pH,
color, aroma, and TDS), population dynamics and identification of B.
thuringiensis, and Bioassay testing of caterpillars on palm oil. The results showed
that during the fermentation process there was a change in temperature up to
28oC, pH 4.27, color Dark brown, pungent aroma, and an increase of TDS value
up to 2196 ppm. The Bioassay results showed a liquid fermentation formula plus a
solid extraction yield of 20% solid material extraction can control caterpillar
populations. The parameters used were mortality (%), efficacy (%), and speed of
death (days). L. camara extract liquid formula after fermentation with B.
thuringiensis with 20% solid material extraction has 77.33%a mortality, 2.87
death rate, and 80% efficacy.