PENGARUH TEKANAN GESEK PADA PENGELASAN GESEK KONTINU TERHADAP STRUKTUR MIKRO, KEKERASAN DAN SIFAT TARIK SAMBUNGAN PIPA TEMBAGA
Abstract
Joining of copper pipes using friction welding method is still not widely done. So, not a lot of references that can be used as a reference for connecting copper pipe using friction welding. Friction welding is a metal welding method which carried out in a solid conditions by utilizing the heat generated from the friction between the metals. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of friction pressure on a continuous friction welding to a microstructure, the hardness and the tensile strength at a weld joint friction of copper pipe.
The material used in this study was ASTM B280 copper metal pipe with a 22.2 mm outer diameter, a 19.8 mm inside diameter, a 1.2 mm thickness, and a 75 mm cut along. The welding process used 1000 rpm engine speed. The friction pressure parameters used in this study were 30 MPa, 35 MPa, and 40 MPa with a friction time of 1 second and a forging pressure of 50 MPa with a time pressure of 5 seconds. The testing conducted in this study were metallografi testing, hardness testing and tensile strength testing.
Based on the research result, there is a metallurgical phase transition which is indicated by the recrystallization in the welded joint area. Thus, the microstructure of the welded joint area has fine and dense grains compared to the HAZ region and the base metal. The highest hardness value of the welded joint area is at 40 MPa friction pressure of 161 VHN, while the lowest hardness of the welded joint is found at 35 MPa friction pressure of 120.4 VHN. The highest average tensile strength is found at 35 MPa friction pressure of 180.8 MPa, but its still lower than the results of the tensile strength in raw materials of 399.6 MPa. The 40 MPa friction pressure produces more consistent tensile strength because it has a lower standard deviation compared to other friction pressures. Then we can conclude that the most recommended parameter for copper pipe friction welding is 35 MPa.