KARAKTERISASI SIFAT MEKANIS DAN SIFAT THERMAL CAMPURAN DAUR ULANG ACRYLONITRILE BUTADIENE STYRENE (ABS) DAN POLYCARBONATE (PC)
Abstract
Plastic material is one of the materials widely used by the public, ranging from electronics, automotive, household appliances, health, and research. The advantages of plastic material are easy to form, lightweight, anti-rust, and the price is relatively cheap. The diversity of plastic materials has an influence on usage, and the manufacturing process. In addition, the large number of recycled ABS / PC automotive products can increase production costs, so there is a need for other materials as alloys in making products to reduce production costs. This study aims to determine the effect of adding PC material to ABS material on mechanical properties and thermal properties
This research was conducted by making multipurpose specimens according to ISO 294-1: 2012 standards from ABS / PC recycled mixture with variations of 80/20, 70/30, and 60/40 using injection molding machines. In general, the injection molding process has 4 stages: melting plastic seeds in a barrel, injecting it into the mold through a nozzle, then cooling it using water as a hardener, and ending the ejector removal. Tests of specimens carried out include: tensile tests according to standards (ISO 527-1), impact tests according to standards (ISO 179-1), and thermal heat deflection tests according to standards (ISO 75).
The results of this study obtained the tensile strength values of the ABS / PC mixture of 80/20 variations of 51.2 MPa, 70/30 variations of 52.4 MPa, and 60/40 variations of 52.8 MPa. The impact value of the mix of ABS/PC variations of 80/20 is 18.08 kJ/m2, variation of 70/30 is 24.80 kJ/m2, and variation of 60/40 is 29.06 kJ/m2. The value of temperature heat deflection (HDT) in the ABS/PC mixture of 80/20 variation was 82.33 oC, variation of 70/30 was 84.29 oC, and variation of 60/40 was 87.35 oC. It can be concluded that the more PC material can increase the value of tensile strength, and impact, and increase the HDT thermal value. So this study recommends the use of a mixed 60/40 ABS/PC mixture