COLLABORATIVE GOVERNANCE DAN SOCIAL CAPITAL: PERAN STAKEHOLDERS DALAM TATA KELOLA KEBENCANAAN (DISASTER MANAGEMENT) STUDI KASUS ERUPSI GUNUNG MERAPI DI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA (DIY)
Abstract
Since the eruption in 2010, the Merapi Eruption has caused so much damage and casualties. It was noted, based on data from the National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB) dated November 27, 2010, the eruption of Mount Merapi had caused 242 fatalities and damage and losses of Rp. 3,628 Trillion. Obviously, this gives a hard blow to the government so that it can be returned so that in the future it will no longer cause significant casualties in the Yogyakarta Special Region (DIY). The government must now communicate by collaborating with all stakeholders and local communities in disaster management. Collaboration or so-called collaboration is needed so that in the future in the implementation of disaster management can respond quickly, accurately and readily. So, this study discusses to analyze Collaborative Governance in Disaster Management. Also, this study tries to analyze the theory of Social Capital, so that it becomes a force to create a mass base established by local communities so that it is well organized. This community will have a positive influence on disaster management. Next, to analyze Collaborative Governance, researchers used Partial Least Square-SEM (PLS-SEM). PLS-SEM analysis is used to determine predetermined variables such as Initial Agreement, Leadership, Planning, Trust, Previous Performance, Managing conflicts, and Existing Relationships. Meanwhile, to discuss the structure of the network carried out involving all stakeholders. Researchers Use Social Network Analysis (SNA). This analysis is to see more from where. Stakeholders have a great connection, participation, and contribution to disaster management. This research is a qualitative research with descriptive-analytic analysis techniques with interview techniques to obtain qualitative data and questionnaires to obtain quantitative data. The results showed that for structural analysis using NodeXl which had the most relations was the Social Organization Institutions such as the Indonesian Red Cross (PMI). Followed by the Regional Disaster Management Agency of Spacial Regional Yogyakarta (BPBD DIY) as representatives of government agencies that have the most relations. For PLS-SEM analysis in variables, some variables do not have a significant influence, namely 14 (Fourteen) Variables. While there are 7 (seven) significant variables. Meanwhile, for the analysis of social capital, social capital is crucial to the formation of communities, involvement, in the affected village areas having communities related to joint saluran komunikasi sosial bersama (SKSB), FPL Palm, and Gema Merapi FM, Pasag Merapi, and Lintas Merapi