Muhammadiyah moves on the basis of the spirit of purification of aqeedah, social concern as the core of the implementation of true aqeedah, da'wah amar ma’ruf-nahi munkar and jihad fi sabilillah. The Muhammadiyah movement often faced social reality which was not always in line with Muhammadiyah's thinking. In the period of reform, social change was so fast, wide and massive leading to liberalization marked by a number of regulations that smoothed capital owners to control natural resources. During SBY's government from 2004 to 2014, Muhammadiyah criticized many as an attempt to rectify the direction of change. This study aims to: 1) analyze the factors that influence Muhammadiyah expressing its criticism of the Government of Indonesia's policies, 2) explaining the criticism of Muhammadiyah in the Din Syamsudin era in dealing with issues of nationality and nationality, and 3) analyze the impact of Muhammadiyah's criticism for Muhammadiyah. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach. Data was collected through library studies and interviews. Literature study is carried out by exploring the literature, research results, documents produced by the Tanwir congregation and Muhammadiyah congress, and news in the mass media. Interviews were conducted with six informants who had been administrators of PP Muhammadiyah during Din Syamsudin's leadership. Data analysis uses interactive analysis models from Miles and Huberman. The results of the study indicate: first, the factors that influence Muhammadiyah's criticism are subjective factors, Din Syamsudin and objective condition factors. Din Syamsudin's views regarding the socio-political situation and his thoughts encouraged him to be critical of the government. The objective conditions are economic liberalization and its impact on the people, a more democratic constitutional system, and the condition of Muhammadiyah itself as a civil society and the character of Muhammadiyah as a reform movement. Secondly, Muhammadiyah's criticism of various national and state problems arises from the results of the Muhammadiyah PP study and the decision-making forums of Muhammadiyah's tanwir during Din Syamsudin. The critical attitude and involvement of Muhammadiyah in dealing with various national problems have been going on for a long time, even since the founding of Muhammadiyah. Third, Muhammadiyah's critical attitude has an internal and external impact on Muhammadiyah. The internal impact is the further relationship between Din Syamsudin and state officials, especially with President SBY and the absence of Muhammadiyah cadres who are part of the United Indonesia Cabinet structure volume 2. The positive impact is that criticism has succeeded in strengthening Muhammadiyah's position as a civil society in confronting the state. The positive impact that is external is that the government fully controls the management of water, oil and gas resources as its obligation to meet people's needs.