The chapter focuses on analyzing the risks exposed in Islamic banks and proposes criteria to design and implement macroprudential policy under dual financial system in Indonesia. Under this financial system, Islamic bank’s risks are among the primary concern due to the common and unique risks exposed. The study uses gap analysis to analyze the macroprudential design. The study suggests redefining on two main aspects: (a) objective and role of central bank and (b) objective, scope, instrument, and authority of macroprudential policy. Therefore, some preconditions need to be in place toward achieving effective macroprudential framework under dual systems such as institutional, instruments, and related arrangements in order to preserve financial system stability.