PENGARUH BEDA TEMPERATUR PROSES INJEKSI TERHADAP SIFAT MEKANIS BAHAN POLYPROPYLENE (PP) DAUR ULANG
Abstract
Polypropylene is a plastic material that is widely used as a food packaging and household equipment, because polypropylene plastic has strong and hard material properties. So it is necessary to do research on the use of recycled materials with variations in injection temperatures in the manufacture of products from polypropylene plastic materials. This study aims to determine the effect of different temperatures of the injection process on the mechanical properties and fractography of recycled polypropylene materials.
This research was carried out by making multipurpose specimens according to ISO 294-1:2012 standards using 2 times recycled polypropylene material using the injection molding machine fabrication process. Tests carried out are using a tensile test with ISO 527-1b and an impact test using the charpy ISO 179 method. The fracture of the impact test is analyzed using a digital optical microscop to determine the fractography of the specimen fracture.
The results of the research that have been done get the maximum tensile strength value at the injection temperature of 190℃ of 33.2 MPa, at the injection temperature of 220℃ of 32.7 MPa and the value of the last tensile strength at the injection temperature of 250℃ of 33.1 MPa. The maximum value of the impact test at an injection temperature of 190℃ is 3.04 KJ/m², at an injection temperature of 220℃ of 2.72 KJ/m² and the value of the impact strength at an injection temperature of 250℃ is 1.77 KJ/m². Digital optical microscope observations showed that the fractography of recycled PP specimens injection temperature variation of 190℃, 220℃ and 250℃ is not too different there is a void (hollow) in each specimen impact test results fracture. Void (hollow) in the specimen can reduce its mechanical value supported by the results of mechanical tests. It can be concluded that the higher the temperature and the more material used in recycling, the lower the quality of the material.